Showing posts with label calendars. Show all posts
Showing posts with label calendars. Show all posts

Sunday, April 6, 2014

Measurement, Memory, and Mathematics


“Five hundred twenty five thousand six hundred minutes/Five hundred twenty five thousand moments so dear/Five hundred twenty thousand six hundred minutes/How do you measure, measure a year?” –“Seasons of Love”

Yesterday, we took Alex to a family restaurant for dinner, and as soon as we sat in our booth, he realized that he had forgotten to wear his watch. In the past, he might have panicked that he didn’t have his watch to keep track of the time, and we would have had to leave immediately. However, he has learned to roll with things much better lately, staying calm and solving problems. First, he looked around the restaurant for a wall clock, but there was none to be found. Then, he decided he would just borrow one from us. In a scene reminiscent of “Goldilocks and the Three Bears,” he tried and rejected our watches. Ed’s watch had the wrong date, which was unacceptable, and my watch was too snug on his wrist. Finally, I handed him my cell phone with the digital clock showing on the screen, and this item, like Baby Bear’s porridge, chair, and bed, satisfied Alex, who found this substitute for his watch to be “just right.” Crisis averted.

As I have mentioned in previous blog entries, Alex makes sense of the world by measuring it and keeping records of statistics that matter to him. His favorite subject has always been math, and he possesses almost savant skills in working with numbers, enhanced by his amazing visual memory. From memorizing nearly 1500 digits of the irrational number pi to remembering people’s birthdates to calculating math problems mentally, he has a gift for remembering and understanding numbers. To assist him with measuring the important aspects of his world, Alex always keeps his measuring tools close at hand, which are among his prized possessions. Calendars, clocks, tape measures, calculators, and thermometers line his bedroom desk and chest of drawers, ready when he needs them. Because he relies upon them greatly, he has more than one of each type of measuring tool in case he mislays one of them and can’t find it. In addition, he keeps notepads and pens handy to record his measuring data.

When dealing with measurements, Alex values precision. If I tell him something costs six dollars, he will correct me and say, “Or $5.99.” If I tell him something will last about a week, he will ask, “Approximately a week or exactly six days?” When his behavioral therapist or music therapist arrives for his sessions, he immediately records their precise arrival time on a notepad as he consults his watch. Even though I have told him that they will be here around 1:00, he wants to keep track of the minute that they actually ring the doorbell. We have also learned not to dispute him when he proclaims certain information about when past events have occurred. For example, he likes to keep track of gasoline prices and will tell us how much gas cost in a particular year. Even when the figures seem a bit off, I never question them. Whenever I go online to check his accuracy, I discover that he is always right, and I find his keen knowledge of the history of gas prices a little eerie.

While some people with autism have amazing abilities to calculate days and dates, I don’t really think Alex possesses that skill. So-called calendar savants can be given a particular date and immediately figure out what day of the week that date was. Recently, my aunt and uncle came to visit from out of town, and Alex commented that my uncle had been born on a Sunday. My uncle didn’t seem to know what day of the week he was born, but trusting Alex’s confidence, he thought that fact was likely. After looking up my uncle’s birth date on a perpetual calendar in the almanac, I confirmed that Alex was right about what day of the week my uncle had been born. However, I suspect that Alex probably had also used the almanac as his source of data instead of calculating the day in his mind.

Nonetheless, Alex does possess outstanding mental calculation skills. A couple of weeks ago, I asked him how he had liked the dinner I had made. After quickly assessing his plate, he told me he liked it “91.6 percent.” Although we’ve grown accustomed to Alex’s percentage rating scale for meals, we were surprised by this odd figure since he usually rates foods in less specific figures, such as 90 percent or 85 percent. When we asked him how he had arrived at that number, he said, “Pasta 90 percent, sauce 90 percent, Italian sausage 95 percent.” As I was trying to add up and divide those figures, Ed, who is much better in math than I am (and from whom Alex has probably inherited his math skills), quickly confirmed the accuracy of Alex’s calculations.

Similarly, yesterday Alex was telling me that he had a “little voice” in June of 2004. Alex has a great fascination with people’s voices, especially those of children, whom he says have “little voices.” I suppose he was reflecting upon when his own voice changed. After I figured out how old he would have been in June of 2004, I commented that he would have been twelve and a half years old in June 2004. However, he corrected me by noting that he was thinking of when he was “12.482 years old.” Fortunately, he shows patience with my lack of mathematical precision, seeming almost bemused by my approximation.

At the restaurant yesterday when he was using my cell phone clock as a substitute for his forgotten watch, Alex noticed the message on the bottom of the screen and asked me what “232 service days left” meant. I explained that my phone service is “pay as you go,” and that I had paid for a year in advance and had that many days left before I need to renew my phone. He didn’t respond, but then he quickly said, “November 24th.” Ed and I exchanged a look and then realized that Alex had rapidly calculated back to the date I had renewed my phone contract. When he said that, I remembered that I had signed up for a year of phone service around Thanksgiving, so his comment seemed likely. A couple of minutes later, Ed, who had been contemplative, commented that Alex was right because he had mentally calculated to see if Alex’s date was correct. The two of them astonish me with how quickly they can figure out in their minds the problems I need some time and a calculator to solve. However, I am grateful that not only has Alex inherited Ed’s math skills but that he also finds using numbers entertaining and satisfying, a way to make sense of the world that sometimes overwhelms him.

“Great is the Lord! He is most worthy of praise! No one can measure his greatness.” Psalm 145:3

Thursday, August 19, 2010

Marking Time

Since Alex loves numbers, he finds the concept of time interesting, and he values the tools used to measure seconds, minutes, hours, days, months, and years. He has collected a variety of stopwatches, clocks, and calendars so that he can keep track of the passing of time himself. Alex especially likes precision when discussing time. For example, if we tell him that we’re leaving in five minutes, he might ask, “Five minutes approximately or seven minutes exactly?” Or if we tell him something will happen in a couple of months, he’ll correct us by saying something like, “About two months or exactly two months and four days?” Apparently he subscribes to the idea expressed in American Idol Kris Allen’s song “Live Like We’re Dying”: “We’ve only got 86,400 seconds in a day to turn it all around or to throw it all away.” Alex sees each second as precious—even fractions of seconds matter because he bought a stopwatch that measures thousandths of a second so that he could time the exact length of television segments and commercials.

When Alex was younger, he was obsessed with time and would repeatedly ask us what time it was, even though he knew how to tell time. Unlike many children of his generation who can only read digital clocks, Alex has been able to interpret analog clocks since he was little. Despite his interest in time, he refuses to wear a watch because he doesn’t like the feel of it on his wrist. Therefore, he relies on the numerous clocks we have in nearly every room of our house. Fortunately, he has mastered how to change all the various timepieces we own. This skill is especially handy if the power goes out or when Daylight Savings Time begins or ends, requiring the clocks to be turned back or ahead one hour. For the rooms that don’t have clocks, Alex carries a battery-operated alarm clock with him. He takes a black clock into the bathroom with him, and he brings a silver clock and puts it on the table to watch as he’s eating. How he determined which one was for which purpose remains a mystery, but he never uses the eating clock in the bathroom or the bathroom clock in the kitchen. For a while, he would also set the kitchen timer because he only wanted to eat for ten minutes. Once the buzzer went off, he was through with the meal unless we granted him bonus time to finish. Probably his favorite clock, though, is the atomic clock in his bedroom, which measures the time precisely using radio waves. He takes comfort in knowing that the atomic clock provides exactly the correct time.

In addition to his clocks, Alex also has several calendars that he keeps in his bedroom. While most people use calendars to know what the date is and to plan events, Alex likes to study calendars and the patterns that they follow. He finds perpetual calendars especially fascinating, seeing how one year leads into another and how Leap Year impacts the way the days fall in the months. Last year, when we asked him what presents he would like for Christmas, he told us he wanted “old calendars.” After giving his request some thought, I decided to look online at the website eBay to see if I could find him vintage linen towel calendars and was amazed to find several available. After surveying the selection, I bid on some of these linen towels and was able to get him relatively inexpensive calendars from various decades: 1957, 1963, 1974, and 1989. He was thrilled with these old calendars and would lay them out to study them. This summer, he specifically requested calendars for 1996, which is the first year he can remember, and 2004, which was the year Ken Jennings set the record for most consecutive wins on the game show Jeopardy. Fortunately, I was able to obtain calendar towels for those years, as well. In addition, his aunt in New York sent him a calendar towel for the current year, 2010, to add to his collection. Despite Alex’s insistence upon accuracy of time measurement, he has always done things on his own timetable because of his developmental delays. Perhaps this is why he needs tools to measure time himself and make sure that nothing passes him by as he waits to master skills in his own good time.

“At the time I have decided, my words will come true. You can trust what I say about the future. It may take a long time, but keep on waiting—it will happen!” Habakkuk 2:3